MICRO - Human Bodily Micromotion in Music Perception and Interaction (completed)

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Embodied music learning. In Schilhab, Theresa & Groth, Camilla (Ed.), Embodied Learning and Teaching using the 4E Cognition Approach: Exploring Perspectives in Teaching Practices. Routledge. ISSN 9781003341604. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This chapter presents a pedagogical approach based on the author¡¯s experience teaching interactive music technology design from an embodied music cognition perspective. The ¡°musicking quadrant¡± is introduced as a framework to understand the experiences of those who make music in real-time (performers) and non-real-time (instrument makers, composers, producers), and those who experience music in real-time (perceivers) and non-real-time (analysts). New technologies challenge these roles and allow for new types of musical engagement that align with the 4E cognition perspectives.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Standing still together: Reflections on a one-year-long exploration of human micromotion. In W?llner, Clemens & London, Justin (Ed.), Performing Time. Synchrony and Temporal Flow in Music and Dance. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780192896254. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  How does it feel to stand still in silence with others for 10 minutes at a time? The current chapter reports on a study of a small group of musicians and dancers that used standstill as their regular "warm-up" activity over a year of working together. Motion capture data of the sessions reveal that each individual's quantity of motion remained similar over time, but self-reports indicate that the subjective experience of time and space changed radically. The participants developed a high spatiotemporal sensitivity and reported an increase in well-being after a year of standstill. They also reported that a 10-minute standstill helped with the mental preparation before both micromotion and regular performances.

• Lesteberg, Mari & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). MICRO and MACRO - Developing New Accessible Musicking Technologies. In Iber, Michael & Enge, Kajetan (Ed.), Audio Mostly 2022: What you hear is what you see? Perspectives on modalities in sound and music interaction. ACM Publications. ISSN 9781450397018. p. 147¨C150. doi: 10.1145/3561212.3561231. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes the development of two musical instrument prototypes developed to explore how non-haptic music technologies can be accessed from a web browser and how they can offer accessibility for people with low fine motor skills. Two approaches to browser-based motion capture were developed and tested during an iterative design process. This was followed by observational studies of two user groups: one with low fine motor skills and one with normal motor skills. Contrary to our expectations, we found that avoiding the use of buttons and mice did not make the apps more accessible for the participants with low fine motor skills. Furthermore, motion speed was considered more important for people with low motor skills than the size of the control action. The most important finding is that browser-based musical instruments using sensor-based and video-based motion tracking are not only feasible but allow for reaching much larger groups of people than previously possible. This may ultimately lead to both more personalized and accessible musical experiences.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Erdem, Cagri (2022). Gestures in ensemble performance. In Timmers, Renee; Bailes, Freya & Daffern, Helena (Ed.), Together in Music: Coordination, expression, participation. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780198860761. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The topic of gesture has received growing attention among music researchers over recent decades. Some of this research has been summarized in anthologies on "musical gestures", such as those by Gritten and King (2006), God?y and Leman (2010), and Gritten and King (2011). There have also been a couple of articles reviewing how the term gesture has been used in various music-related disciplines (and beyond), including those by Cadoz and Wanderley (2000) and Jensenius et al. (2010). Much empirical work has been performed since these reviews were written, aided by better motion capture technologies, new machine learning techniques, and a heightened awareness of the topic. Still there are a number of open questions as to the role of gestures in music performance in general, and in ensemble performance in particular. This chapter aims to clarify some of the basic terminology of music-related body motion, and draw up some perspectives of how one can think about gestures in ensemble performance. This is, obviously, only one way of looking at the very multifaceted concept of gesture, but it may lead to further interest in this exciting and complex research domain.

• Remache-Vinueza, Byron; Trujillo-Le¨®n, Andr¨¦s; Clim, Maria-Alena; Sarmiento-Ortiz, Fabi¨¢n; Topon-Visarrea, Liliana & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Mapping Monophonic MIDI Tracks to Vibrotactile Stimuli Using Tactile Illusions. In Saitis, Charalampos; Farkhatdinov, Ildar & Papetti, Stefano (Ed.), Haptic and Audio Interaction Design. Springer Nature. ISSN 9783031150197. Show summary

  In this project, we propose an algorithm to convert musical features and structures extracted from monophonic MIDI files to tactile illusions. Mapping music to vibrotactile stimuli is a challenging process since the perceptible frequency range of the skin is lower than that of the auditory system, which may cause the loss of some musical features. Moreover, current proposed models do not warrant the correspondence between the emotional response to music and the vibrotactile version of it. We propose to use tactile illusions as an additional resource to convey more meaningful vibrotactile stimuli. Tactile illusions enable us to add dynamics to vibrotactile stimuli in the form of movement, changes of direction, and localization. The suggested algorithm converts monophonic MIDI files into arrangements of two tactile illusions: ¡°phantom motion¡± and ¡°funneling¡±. The validation of the rendered material consisted of presenting the audio rendered from MIDI files to participants and then adding the vibrotactile component to it. The arrangement of tactile illusions was also evaluated alone. Results suggest that the arrangement of tactile illusions evokes more positive emotions than negative ones. This arrangement was also perceived as more agreeable and stimulating than the original audio. Although musical features such as rhythm, tempo, and melody were mostly recognized in the arrangement of tactile illusions, it provoked a different emotional response from that of the original audio.

• Masu, Raul; Melbye, Adam Pultz; Sullivan, John & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). NIME and the Environment: Toward a More Sustainable NIME Practice. In Dannenberg, Roger & Xiao, Xiao (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. The International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper addresses environmental issues around NIME research and practice. We discuss the formulation of an environmental statement for the conference as well as the initiation of a NIME Eco Wiki containing information on environmental concerns related to the creation of new musical instruments. We outline a number of these concerns and, by systematically reviewing the proceedings of all previous NIME conferences, identify a general lack of reflection on the environmental impact of the research undertaken. Finally, we propose a framework for addressing the making, testing, using, and disposal of NIMEs in the hope that sustainability may become a central concern to researchers.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Best versus Good Enough Practices for Open Music Research. Empirical Musicology Review. 16(1). Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Music researchers work with increasingly large and complex data sets. There are few established data handling practices in the field and several conceptual, technological, and practical challenges. Furthermore, many music researchers are not equipped for (or interested in) the craft of data storage, curation, and archiving. This paper discusses some of the particular challenges that empirical music researchers face when working towards Open Research practices: handling (1) (multi)media files, (2) privacy, and (3) copyright issues. These are exemplified through MusicLab, an event series focused on fostering openness in music research. It is argued that the "best practice" suggested by the FAIR principles is too demanding in many cases, but "good enough practice" may be within reach for many. A four-layer data handling "recipe" is suggested as concrete advice for achieving "good enough practice" in empirical music research.

• Laczko, Balint & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Reflections on the Development of the Musical Gestures Toolbox for Python. In Kantan, Prithvi Ravi; Paisa, Razvan & Willemsen, Silvin (Ed.), Proceedings of the Nordic Sound and Music Computing Conference. Aalborg Universitetsforlag. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The paper presents the Musical Gestures Toolbox (MGT) for Python, a collection of modules targeted at researchers working with video recordings. The toolbox includes video visualization techniques such as creating motion videos, motion history images, and motiongrams. These visualizations allow for studying video recordings from different temporal and spatial perspectives. The toolbox also includes basic computer vision methods, and it is designed to integrate well with audio analysis toolboxes. The MGT was initially developed to analyze music-related body motion (of musicians, dancers, and perceivers) but is equally helpful for other disciplines working with video recordings of humans, such as linguistics, pedagogy, psychology, and medicine.

• Zelechowska, Agata; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Standstill to the ¡®beat¡¯: Differences in involuntary movement responses to simple and complex rhythms, AM '20: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Audio Mostly. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ISSN 9781450375634. p. 107¨C113. doi: 10.1145/3411109.3411139. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Previous studies have shown that movement-inducing properties of music largely depend on the rhythmic complexity of the stimuli. However, little is known about how simple isochronous beat patterns differ from more complex rhythmic structures in their effect on body movement. In this paper we study spontaneous movement of 98 participants instructed to stand as still as possible for 7 minutes while listening to silence and randomised sound excerpts: isochronous drumbeats and complex drum patterns, each at three different tempi (90, 120, 140 BPM). The participants¡¯ head movement was recorded with an optical motion capture system.We found that on average participants moved more during the sound stimuli than in silence, which confirms the results from our previous studies. Moreover, the stimulus with complex drum patterns elicited more movement when compared to the isochronous drum beats. Across different tempi, the participants moved most at 120 BPM for the average of both types of stimuli. For the isochronous drumbeats, however, their movement was highest at 140 BPM. These results can contribute to our understanding of the interplay between rhythmic complexity, tempo and music-induced movement.

• Zelechowska, Agata (2020). Poruszeni muzyk?. Badania nad ruchem cia?a w kontek?cie percepcji muzyki. In Kale¨½ska-Rodzaj, Julia & Che?kowska-Zacharewicz, Maria (Ed.), Psychologia Muzyki. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. ISSN 9788301213374. p. 87¨C104.
• Zelechowska, Agata; Gonzalez-Sanchez, Victor E.; Laeng, Bruno & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Headphones or Speakers? An Exploratory Study of Their Effects on Spontaneous Body Movement to Rhythmic Music. Frontiers in Psychology. 11(698). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00698. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Previous studies have shown that music may lead to spontaneous body movement, even when people try to stand still. But are spontaneous movement responses to music similar if the stimuli are presented using headphones or speakers? This article presents results from an exploratory study in which 35 participants listened to rhythmic stimuli while standing in a neutral position. The six different stimuli were 45 s each and ranged from a simple pulse to excerpts from electronic dance music (EDM). Each participant listened to all the stimuli using both headphones and speakers. An optical motion capture system was used to calculate their quantity of motion, and a set of questionnaires collected data about music preferences, listening habits, and the experimental sessions. The results show that the participants on average moved more when listening through headphones. The headphones condition was also reported as being more tiresome by the participants. Correlations between participants¡¯ demographics, listening habits, and self-reported body motion were observed in both listening conditions. We conclude that the playback method impacts the level of body motion observed when people are listening to music. This should be taken into account when designing embodied music cognition studies.

• Zelechowska, Agata; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Laeng, Bruno; Vuoskoski, Jonna Katariina & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Who Moves to Music? Empathic Concern Predicts Spontaneous Movement Responses to Rhythm and Music. Music & Science. 3. doi: 10.1177/2059204320974216. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Moving to music is a universal human phenomenon, and previous studies have shown that people move to music even when they try to stand still. However, are there individual differences when it comes to how much people spontaneously respond to music with body movement? This article reports on a motion capture study in which 34 participants were asked to stand in a neutral position while listening to short excerpts of rhythmic stimuli and electronic dance music. We explore whether personality and empathy measures, as well as different aspects of music-related behaviour and preferences, can predict the amount of spontaneous movement of the participants. Individual differences were measured using a set of questionnaires: Big Five Inventory, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire. Liking ratings for the stimuli were also collected. The regression analyses show that Empathic Concern is a significant predictor of the observed spontaneous movement. We also found a relationship between empathy and the participants¡¯ self-reported tendency to move to music.

• Bishop, Laura & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Reliability of two infrared motion capture systems in a music performance setting. In Spagnol, Simone & Valle, Andrea (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th Sound and Music Computing Conference. Axea sas/SMC Network. ISSN 9788894541502. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes a comparative analysis of tracking quality in two infrared marker-based motion capture systems: one older but high-end (Qualisys, purchased in 2009) and the other newer and mid-range (OptiTrack, purchased in 2019). We recorded performances by a string quartet with both systems simultaneously, using the same frame rate. Our recording set-up included a combination of moving markers (affixed to musicians¡¯ bodies) and stationary markers (affixed to music stands). Higher noise levels were observed in Qualisys recordings of stationary markers than in OptiTrack recordings, as well as a greater spatial range, though OptiTrack recordings had a higher rate of outliers (¡°spikes¡± in the signal). In moving markers, increased quantity of motion was associated with increased betweensystem error rates. Both systems showed minimal withintrial drift but a reduction in recording accuracy and precision over the duration of the experiment. Overall, our results show that the older/high-end system (Qualisys) produced slightly lower-quality recordings than the newer/midrange system (OptiTrack). We discuss how our findings may inform researchers¡¯ interpretations of motion capture data, particularly when capturing the types of motion that are important for performing music.

• Erdem, Cagri; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Glette, Kyrre; Krzyzaniak, Michael Joseph & Veenstra, Frank (2020). Air-Guitar Control of Interactive Rhythmic Robots. Proceedings of the International Conference on Live Interfaces (Proceedings of ICLI). p. 208¨C210. Show summary

  This paper describes an interactive art installation shown at ICLI in Trondheim in March 2020. The installation comprised three musical robots (Dr. Squiggles) that play rhythms by tapping. Visitors were invited to wear muscle-sensor armbands, through which they could control the robots by performing ¡®air-guitar¡¯-like gestures.

• Xamb¨®, Anna; St?ckert, Robin; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Saue, Sigurd (2020). Learning to Code Through Web Audio: A Team-Based Learning Approach. Journal of The Audio Engineering Society. ISSN 1549-4950. 68(10), p. 727¨C737. doi: 10.17743/jaes.2020.0019. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this article, we discuss the challenges and opportunities provided by teaching programming using web audio technologies and adopting a team-based learning (TBL) approach among a mix of colocated and remote students, mostly novices in programming. The course has been designed for cross-campus teaching and teamwork, in alignment with the two-city master's program in which it has been delivered. We present the results and findings from (1) students' feedback; (2) software complexity metrics; (3) students' blog posts; and (4) teacher's reflections. We found that the nature of web audio as a browser-based environment, coupled with the collaborative nature of the course, was suitable for improving the students' level of confidence about their abilities in programming. This approach promoted the creation of group course projects of a certain level of complexity, based on the students' interests and programming levels. We discuss the challenges of this approach, such as supporting smooth cross-campus interactions and assuring students' preknowledge in web technologies (HTML, CSS, and JavaScript) for an optimal experience. We conclude by envisioning the scalability of this course to other distributed and remote learning scenarios in academic and professional settings. This is in line with the foreseen future scenario of cross-site interaction mediated through code.

• Y¨¢nez, Jorge Poveda & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Computer-based synaesthesia and the design of complex methods to approach multimodal realities of dance and music through technology. An interview with Alexander R. Jensenius, Deputy-Director of the RITMO Centre of Excellence of the University of Oslo. Revista de Humanidades Digitales. doi: 10.5944/rhd.vol.5.2020.27029. Show summary

  After producing ground-breaking computer-based tools to advance the study of human movement, such as the video-visualization techniques contained in the Musical-Gestures Toolbox, Alexander Refsum Jensenius has con-tinued to find more creative and analytical possibilities to intersect our understandings of music and dance. In the current context of technology-assisted misappropriation of tradi-tional songs and dances, I interviewed the Deputy Director of the RITMO Centre on how we might revert the link between new technol-ogies and intangible cultural heritage for the benefit of legitimate bearers. Furthermore, in this interview, Alexander out-lines the embodied and interdisciplinary ap-proach towards music that has grounded the course of his career but even more interesting-ly, he offers insights about the future of expe-riencing dance through technology and the possibility of dancing robots.

• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Dahl, Sofia; Hatfield, Johannes Lunde & God?y, Rolf Inge (2019). Characterizing movement fluency in musical performance: Toward a generic measure for technology enhanced learning. Frontiers in Psychology. 10. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00084. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Virtuosity in music performance is often associated with fast, precise, and efficient sound-producing movements. The generation of such highly skilled movements involves complex joint and muscle control by the central nervous system, and depends on the ability to anticipate, segment, and coarticulate motor elements, all within the biomechanical constraints of the human body. When successful, such motor skill should lead to what we characterize as fluency in musical performance. Detecting typical features of fluency could be very useful for technology-enhanced learning systems, assisting and supporting students during their individual practice sessions by giving feedback and helping them to adopt sustainable movement patterns. In this study, we propose to assess fluency in musical performance as the ability to smoothly and efficiently coordinate while accurately performing slow, transitionary, and rapid movements. To this end, the movements of three cello players and three drummers at different levels of skill were recorded with an optical motion capture system, while a wireless electromyogrphy (EMG) system recorded the corresponding muscle activity from relevant landmarks. We analyze the kinematic and coarticulation characteristics of these recordings separately and then propose a combined model of fluency in musical performance predicting music sophistication. Results suggest movements from expert performers' are characterized by consistently smooth strokes and scaling of muscle phasic coactivation. The explored model of fluency as function of movement smoothness and coarticulation patterns was shown to be limited by the sample size but serves as a proof of concept. Results from this study show the potential of a technology-enhanced objective measure of fluency in musical performance, which could lead to improved practices for aspiring musicians, instructors, and researchers.

• Diaz, Ximena Alarc¨®n & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). ¡°Ellos no est¨¢n entendiendo nada¡± [¡°They are not understanding anything¡±]: embodied remembering as complex narrative in a Telematic Sonic Improvisation. In S?ndergaard, Morten & Beloff, Laura (Ed.), Proceedings of RE:SOUND 2019. British Computer Society (BCS). doi: 10.14236/ewic/resound19.32. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  INTIMAL is a physical-virtual system for relational listening, exploring the role of the body as interface that keeps memory of place in migratory contexts. The system is developed to integrate the body movements of performers (and their voices) with an oral archive. The system has been informed and tested by nine Colombian migrant women in Europe in a telematic performance between the cities of Oslo, Barcelona and London. In the performance a ¡°complex narrative¡± emerged, for both the improvisers and the audiences. In this paper, we describe the conditions of the narrative environment, and the embodied expressions that emerged. We reflect on how this distributed embodied expression¡ªthrough technological mediated sound and movement interactions¡ªmight further aid processes of collective remembering and catharsis, in a context of conflict and gendered migration.

• Sedo, Anna Xambo; St?ckert, Robin; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Saue, Sigurd (2019). Facilitating Team-Based Programming Learning with Web Audio. In Sedo, Anna Xambo; Martin, Sara R. & Roma, Gerard (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Web Audio Conference. NTNU. p. 2¨C7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this paper, we present a course of audio programming using web audio technologies addressed to an interdisciplinary group of master students who are mostly beginners in programming. This course is held in two connected university campuses through a portal space and the students are expected to work in cross-campus teams. The workshop promotes both individual and group work and is based on ideas from science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEAM), team-based learning and project-based learning. We show the outcomes of this course, discuss the students¡¯ feedback and reflect on the results. We found that it is important to provide individual vs. group work, to use the same code editor for consistent follow-up and to be able to share the screen to solve individual questions. Other aspects inherent to the master (intensity of the courses, coding in a research-oriented program) and to prior knowledge (web technologies) should be reconsidered. We conclude with a wider reflection on the challenges and potentials of using web audio as a programming environment for beginners in STEAM and distance-learning courses.

• Luniewska, Magdalena; Chyl, Katarzyna; Debska, Agnieszka; Banaszkiewicz, Anna; Zelechowska, Agata & Marchewka, Artur [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Children With Dyslexia and Familial Risk for Dyslexia Present Atypical Development of the Neuronal Phonological Network. Frontiers in Neuroscience. ISSN 1662-4548. 13, p. 1¨C19. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01287. Full text in Research Archive
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Analysis of the Movement-Inducing Effects of Music through the Fractality of Head Sway during Standstill. Journal of Motor Behavior. ISSN 0022-2895. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2019.1689909. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The links between music and human movement have been shown to provide insight into crucial aspects of human¡¯s perception, cognition, and sensorimotor systems. In this study, we examined the influence of music on movement during standstill, aiming at further characterizing the correspondences between movement, music, and perception, by analyzing head sway fractality. Eighty seven participants were asked to stand as still as possible for 500?seconds while being presented with alternating silence and audio stimuli. The audio stimuli were all rhythmic in nature, ranging from a metronome track to complex electronic dance music. The head position of each participant was captured with an optical motion capture system. Long-range correlations of head movement were estimated by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Results agree with previous work on the movement-inducing effect of music, showing significantly greater head sway and lower head sway fractality during the music stimuli. In addition, patterns across stimuli suggest a two-way adaptation process to the effects of music, with musical stimuli influencing head sway while at the same time fractality modulated movement responses. Results indicate that fluctuations in head movement in both conditions exhibit long-range correlations, suggesting that the effects of music on head movement depended not only on the value of the most recent measured intervals, but also on the values of those intervals at distant times.

• Sedo, Anna Xambo; Saue, Sigurd; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; St?ckert, Robin & Brandtsegg, ?yvind (2019). NIME Prototyping in Teams: A Participatory Approach to Teaching Physical Computing. In Queiroz, Marcelo & Sedo, Anna Xambo (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. p. 216¨C221. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this paper, we present a workshop of physical computing applied to NIME design based on science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education. The workshop is designed for master students with multidisciplinary backgrounds. They are encouraged to work in teams from two university campuses remotely connected through a portal space. The components of the workshop are prototyping, music improvisation and reflective practice. We report the results of this course, which show a positive impact on the students¡¯ confidence in prototyping and intention to continue in STEM fields. We also present the challenges and lessons learned on how to improve the teaching of hybrid technologies and programming skills in an interdisciplinary context across two locations, with the aim of satisfying both beginners and experts. We conclude with a broader discussion on how these new pedagogical perspectives can improve NIME-related courses.

• Becker, Artur; Herrebr?den, Henrik; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Nymoen, Kristian; Freitas, Carla Maria Dal Sasso & T?rresen, Jim [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Functional Data Analysis of Rowing Technique Using Motion Capture Data. In Coleman, Grisha (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Movement and Computing. ACM Publications. ISSN 9781450376549. doi: 10.1145/3347122.3347135. Show summary

  We present an approach to analyzing the motion capture data of rowers using bivariate functional principal component analysis (bfPCA). The method has been applied on data from six elite rowers rowing on an ergometer. The analyses of the upper and lower body coordination during the rowing cycle revealed significant differ- ences between the rowers, even though the data was normalized to account for differences in body dimensions. We make an argument for the use of bfPCA and other functional data analysis methods for the quantitative evaluation and description of technique in sports.

• Erdem, Cagri; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Vrengt: A Shared Body¨CMachine Instrument for Music¨CDance Performance. In Visi, Federico (Eds.), Music Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  What if a musician could step outside the familiar instrumental paradigm and adopt a new embodied language for moving through sound with a dancer in true partnership? And what if a dancer¡¯s body could coalesce with a musician¡¯s skills and intuitively render movements into instrumental actions for active sound-making?

• Erdem, Cagri; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Vrengt: A Shared Body¨CMachine Instrument for Music¨CDance Performance. In Queiroz, Marcelo & Sedo, Anna Xambo (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. p. 477¨C482. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes the process of developing a shared instrument for music¨Cdance performance, with a particular focus on exploring the boundaries between standstill vs motion, and silence vs sound. The piece Vrengt grew from the idea of enabling a true partnership between a musician and a dancer, developing an instrument that would allow for active co-performance. Using a participatory design approach, we worked with sonification as a tool for systematically exploring the dancer¡¯s bodily expressions. The exploration used a ¡°spatiotemporal matrix,¡± with a particular focus on sonic microinteraction. In the final performance, two Myo armbands were used for capturing muscle activity of the arm and leg of the dancer, together with a wireless headset microphone capturing the sound of breathing. In the paper we reflect on multi-user instrument paradigms, discuss our approach to creating a shared instrument using sonification as a tool for the sound design, and reflect on the performers¡¯ subjective evaluation of the instrument.

• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Correspondences Between Music and Involuntary Human Micromotion During Standstill. Frontiers in Psychology. 9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01382. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The relationships between human body motion and music have been the focus of several studies characterizing the correspondence between voluntary motion and various sound features. The study of involuntary movement to music, however, is still scarce. Insight into crucial aspects of music cognition, as well as characterization of the vestibular and sensorimotor systems could be largely improved through a description of the underlying links between music and involuntary movement. This study presents an analysis aimed at quantifying involuntary body motion of a small magnitude (micromotion) during standstill, as well as assessing the correspondences between such micromotion and different sound features of the musical stimuli: pulse clarity, amplitude, and spectral centroid. A total of 71 participants were asked to stand as still as possible for 6 min while being presented with alternating silence and music stimuli: Electronic Dance Music (EDM), Classical Indian music, and Norwegian fiddle music (Telespringar). The motion of each participant's head was captured with a marker-based, infrared optical system. Differences in instantaneous position data were computed for each participant and the resulting time series were analyzed through cross-correlation to evaluate the delay between motion and musical features. The mean quantity of motion (QoM) was found to be highest across participants during the EDM condition. This musical genre is based on a clear pulse and rhythmic pattern, and it was also shown that pulse clarity was the metric that had the most significant effect in induced vertical motion across conditions. Correspondences were also found between motion and both brightness and loudness, providing some evidence of anticipation and reaction to the music. Overall, the proposed analysis techniques provide quantitative data and metrics on the correspondences between micromotion and music, with the EDM stimulus producing the clearest music-induced motion patterns. The analysis and results from this study are compatible with embodied music cognition and sensorimotor synchronization theories, and provide further evidence of the movement inducing effects of groove-related music features and human response to sound stimuli. Further work with larger data sets, and a wider range of stimuli, is necessary to produce conclusive findings on the subject.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). The Musical Gestures Toolbox for Matlab. In G¨®mez, Emilia; Hu, Xiao; Humphrey, Eric & Benetos, Emmanouil (Ed.), Proceedings of the 19th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference. Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique. ISSN 9782954035123. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Musical Gestures Toolbox for Matlab (MGT) aims at assisting music researchers with importing, preprocessing, analyzing, and visualizing video, audio, and motion capture data in a coherent manner within Matlab.

• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Muscle activity response of the audience during an experimental music performance. In Cunningham, Stuart (Eds.), Proceedings of the Audio Mostly 2018 on Sound in Immersion and Emotion. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ISSN 9781450353731. doi: 10.1145/3243274.3243278. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This exploratory study investigates muscular activity characteristics of a group of audience members during an experimental music performance. The study was designed to be as ecologically valid as possible, collecting data in a concert venue and making use of low- invasive measurement techniques. Muscle activity (EMG) from the forearms of 8 participants revealed that sitting in a group could be an indication of a level of group engagement, while comparatively greater muscular activity from a participant sitting at close distance to the stage suggests performance-induced bodily responses. The self-reported measures rendered little evidence supporting the links between muscular activity and live music exposure, although a larger sample size and a wider range of music styles need to be included in future studies to provide conclusive results.

• Martin, Charles Patrick; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & T?rresen, Jim (2018). Composing an ensemble standstill work for Myo and Bela. In Dahl, Luke; Bowman, Doug & Martin, Tom (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference On New Interfaces For Musical Expression. Virginia Tech. p. 196¨C197. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes the process of developing a standstill performance work using the Myo gesture control armband and the Bela embedded computing platform. The combination of Myo and Bela allows a portable and extensible version of the standstill performance concept while introducing muscle tension as an additional control parameter. We describe the technical details of our setup and introduce Myo-to-Bela and Myo-to-OSC software bridges that assist with prototyping compositions using the Myo controller.

• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Martin, Charles Patrick; Zelechowska, Agata; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik; Johnson, Victoria Kristine ? & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Bela-based augmented acoustic guitars for sonic microinteraction. In Dahl, Luke; Bowman, Doug & Martin, Tom (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference On New Interfaces For Musical Expression. Virginia Tech. p. 324¨C327. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article describes the design and construction of a collection of digitally-controlled augmented acoustic guitars, and the use of these guitars in the installation \textit\{Sverm-Resonans\}. The installation was built around the idea of exploring `inverse¡¯ sonic microinteraction, that is, controlling sounds by the micromotion observed when attempting to stand still. It consisted of six acoustic guitars, each equipped with a Bela embedded computer for sound processing (in Pure Data), an infrared distance sensor to detect the presence of users, and an actuator attached to the guitar body to produce sound. With an attached battery pack, the result was a set of completely autonomous instruments that were easy to hang in a gallery space. The installation encouraged explorations on the boundary between the tactile and the kinesthetic, the body and the mind, and between motion and sound. The use of guitars, albeit with an untraditional `performance¡¯ technique, made the experience both familiar and unfamiliar at the same time. Many users reported heightened sensations of stillness, sound, and vibration, and that the `inverse¡¯ control of the instrument was both challenging and pleasant.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Methods for Studying Music-Related Body Motion. In Bader, Rolf (Eds.), Springer Handbook of Systematic Musicology. Springer Nature. ISSN 9783662550021. p. 805¨C818. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-55004-5_38. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This chapter presents an overview of some methodological approaches and technologies that can be used in the study of music-related body motion. The aim is not to cover all possible approaches, but rather to highlight some of the ones that are more relevant from a musicological point of view. This includes methods for video-based and sensor-based motion analyses, both qualitative and quantitative. It also includes discussions of the strengths and weaknesses of the different methods, and reflections on how the methods can be used in connection to other data in question, such as physiological or neurological data, symbolic notation, sound recordings and contextual data.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik (2017). Exploring the Myo controller for sonic microinteraction. In Erkut, Cumhur (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Aalborg University Copenhagen. p. 442¨C445. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper explores sonic microinteraction using muscle sensing through the Myo armband. The first part presents results from a small series of experiments aimed at finding the baseline micromotion and muscle activation data of people being at rest or performing short/small actions. The second part presents the prototype instrument MicroMyo, built around the concept of making sound with little motion. The instrument plays with the convention that inputting more energy into an instrument results in more sound. MicroMyo, on the other hand, is built so that the less you move, the more it sounds. Our user study shows that while such an "inverse instrument" may seem puzzling at first, it also opens a space for interesting musical interactions.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Expert Commentary: Pushing The Sensor Boundaries In Digital Musical Instruments. In Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Lyons, Michael J. (Ed.), A NIME Reader: Fifteen Years of New Interfaces for Musical Expression. Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. ISSN 9783319472133. p. 402¨C403. Show summary

  The Fingerphone, a reworking of the Stylophone in conductive paper, is presented as an example of new design approaches for sustainability and playability of electronic musical instruments.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Zelechowska, Agata & Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez (2017). The Musical Influence on People's Micromotion when Standing Still in Groups. In Lokki, Tapio; Pa?tynen, Jukka & Va?lima?ki, Vesa (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th Sound and Music Computing Conference 2017. Aalto University. ISSN 9789526037295. p. 195¨C200. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The paper presents results from an experiment in which 91 subjects stood still on the floor for 6 minutes, with the first 3 minutes in silence, followed by 3 minutes with mu- sic. The head motion of the subjects was captured using an infra-red optical system. The results show that the average quantity of motion of standstill is 6.5 mm/s, and that the subjects moved more when listening to music (6.6 mm/s) than when standing still in silence (6.3 mm/s). This result confirms the belief that music induces motion, even when people try to stand still.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Exploring music-related micromotion. In W?llner, Clemens (Eds.), Body, Sound and Space in Music and Beyond: Multimodal Explorations. Routledge. ISSN 9781472485403. doi: 10.4324/9781315569628-3. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  As living human beings we are constantly in motion. Even when we try to stand absolutely still, our breathing, pulse and postural adjustments lead to motion at the micro-level. Such micromotion is small, but it is still possible to experience it in the body and it is also visible to others. This chapter reflects on such (un)conscious and (in)voluntary micromotion observed and experienced when one attempts to stand physically still, and how musical sound influences such micromotion.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Sonic Microinteraction in "the Air". In Lesaffre, Micheline; Maes, Pieter-Jan & Leman, Marc (Ed.), The Routledge Companion to Embodied Music Interaction. Routledge. ISSN 9781138657403. doi: 10.4324/9781315621364-47. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This chapter looks at the ways in which micromotion, the smallest controllable and perceivable human body motion, can be used in interactive sound systems. It presents a general taxonomy, followed by examples of how sonic microinteraction was designed and rehearsed in the scientific-artistic project Sverm. Here, the focus was on micromotion and microaction performed in ¡°the air,¡± but the concepts developed by the project can also be transferred to other types of microinteraction.

View all works in NVA

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Sonic Design: Explorations Between Art and Science. Springer Nature. ISBN 9783031578922. 347 p. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This edited volume is based on a selection of contributions at an international seminar organized in May 2022 to celebrate the achievements of Professor God?y upon his retirement from the University of Oslo. The 17 chapters cover different approaches to sonic design practice and theory, giving readers historical backdrops and an overview of the current state of both artistic and scientific research in the field.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). Sound Actions: Conceptualizing Musical Instruments. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262544634. 304 p. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A techno-cognitive look at how new technologies are shaping the future of musicking. ¡°Musicking¡± encapsulates both the making of and perception of music, so it includes both active and passive forms of musical engagement. But at its core, it is a relationship between actions and sounds, between human bodies and musical instruments. Viewing musicking through this lens and drawing on music cognition and music technology, Sound Actions proposes a model for understanding differences between traditional acoustic ¡°sound makers¡± and new electro-acoustic ¡°music makers.¡± What is a musical instrument? How do new technologies change how we perform and perceive music? What happens when composers build instruments, performers write code, perceivers become producers, and instruments play themselves? The answers to these pivotal questions entail a meeting point between interactive music technology and embodied music cognition, what author Alexander Refsum Jensenius calls ¡°embodied music technology.¡± Moving between objective description and subjective narrative of his own musical experiences, Jensenius explores why music makes people move, how the human body can be used in musical interaction, and how new technologies allow for active musical experiences. The development of new music technologies, he demonstrates, has fundamentally changed how music is performed and perceived.

View all works in NVA

• Zelechowska, Agata (2025). Riktig musikk til trening ?ker prestasjonene betydelig. [Internet]. Nettavisen. Show summary

  Du blir beviselig raskere og bedre av en god spilleliste til trening, if?lge forskere. Velger du riktig er det faktisk umulig ? st? stille.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2025). What happens in the body when you stand still? Show summary

  Professor Alexander Refsum Jensenius will talk about his decade-long exploration of human micromotion. Motion data from the 365 standstill sessions he carried out during 2023 reveals lots of biomechanical noise, but also some interesting signals.

• Schau, Kristopher & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2025). Nysgjerrige p?: rytmens hemmeligheter. [Internet]. Nysgjerrige Norge. Show summary

  I denne episoden bes?ker Kristopher forskningssenteret RITMO ved Universitetet i Oslo. Der forsker de p? alt fra trommeroboter og mikromusikalske problemstillinger til hvordan vi p?virkes av ventilasjonslyd. Han m?ter senterleder Alexander Refsum Jensenius som forteller om forskning i skj?ringspunktet mellom musikk, bevegelse, psykologi og robotikk.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Labprat #3: NM i stillstand. Show summary

  Klarer du ? st? stille til favorittl?ta di? Pr?v selv og vinn 1000kr! Folk sier ofte at det er umulig ? ikke bevege seg til musikk, men stemmer det? Onsdag 3. april kan du teste deg selv n?r professor Alexander Refsum Jensenius ¨C ogs? kjent som Professor stillstand ¨C inviterer til ?NM i stillstand? her p? Popsenteret. Vinneren k?res samme kveld p? LAB.prat #3 med nettopp Alexander! Her f?r du ogs? vite mer om hva som faktisk skjer i kroppen n?r vi h?rer p? musikk. Som vanlig ledes kvelden av fasilitator og ?MC? Dr. Kjell Andreas Oddekalv, ogs? kjent som ?Dr. Kjell? (eller hele Norges Kjelledegge som han selv liker ? si) fra Hiphop orkesteret Sinsenfist. Sammen med Alexander inviterer han til en uformell samtale og Q&A om kroppsrytmer og hvordan de p?virkes av omgivelsene v?re. I tidsrommet mellom stillstandkonkurransen og LAB.prat er Popsenteret ?pent og du er velkommen til ? bes?ke utstillingen v?r og alt den har ? by p?!

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Muskelmusikk. Show summary

  Hva skjer i musklene n?r vi fors?ker ? st? stille? Hvordan kan men lage musikk fra kroppen. I pausen p? Forsker Grand Prix vil jeg underholde med et sceneshow hvor jeg utforsker interaktive muskelarmb?nd og en musikkhanske.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Lilleeng, Sverre (2024). Professor stillstand. [Internet]. NRK.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Stod stille hver dag i 10 minutter. [TV]. NRK Helgemorgen.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Can doing nothing tell us everything? Show summary

  Can doing nothing tell us everything? Meet Professor Alexander Refsum Jensenius, a music researcher exploring the deep connections between sound, space, and the human body. Through his fascinating studies on stillness and motion, Alexander has discovered surprising insights into how we interact with our environment.

• Jemterud, Torkild; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; L?seth, Guro Engvig & Holthe, Kolbj?rn (2024). ABELS KORK - Verdens st?rste(?) musikkeksperiment. [Radio]. NRK. Show summary

  Hvordan p?virker musikk oss? Hva skjer i hjernen v?r n?r vi h?rer en melodi vi liker ¨C eller misliker? Hvorfor reagerer vi forskjellig p? ulike typer musikk? Og hvordan klarer et helt orkester ? spille plettfritt sammen? Og forresten: trenger de egentlig ? ha en dirigent? Hver fredag svarer panelet i Abels t?rn p? alle slags vitenskapelige sp?rsm?l, store og sm?, fra lytterne. Noen vil langt ut i verdensrommet, og andre er mer opptatt av hva som skjer p? kj?kkenbenken. Men musikk er noe vi alle har et forhold til. Den er rundt oss hele tiden, og det er mye ? undre seg over n?r det gjelder musikk og hvordan den taler til oss p? dype personlige plan. Derfor har Abels t?rn og KORK g?tt sammen med RITMO og Universitetsbiblioteket for ? lage en musikalsk utgave av det popul?re vitenskapsprogrammet. Vi introduserer: Abels KORK!

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2024). Hjernen i sentrum: Kunst. Show summary

  Hvorfor er noen musikalske og andre ikke? Hvordan har det seg at kunst kan treffe oss s? voldsomt - og s? ulikt! Ulike kunstneriske uttrykk som musikk, malerkunst, litteratur, dans og teater kommer uten fasit og tolkes vidt forskjellig fra person til person. Er det hjernen som styrer dette? Det er ?penbart at hjernen v?r er aktiv og ikke passiv n?r vi opplever kunst. Hvorfor er det s?nn? Gir kunstneriske opplevelser god hjernetrim? Er kunst viktig for hjernehelsen?

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Sound Actions: An Embodied approach to a Digital Organology. Show summary

  What is an instrument in our increasingly electrified world? In this talk I will present a set of theoretical building blocks from my forthcoming book on "musicking in an electronic world". At the core of the argument is the observation that the introduction of new music technologies has led to an increased separation between action and sound in musical performance. This has happened gradually, with pianos and organs being important early examples of instruments that introduced mechanical components between the performer and resonating objects. Today's network-based instruments represent an extreme case of a spatiotemporal dislocation between action and sound. They challenge our ideas of what an instrument can be, who can perform on them, and how they should be analyzed. In the lecture I will explain how we can use the concepts of action-sound couplings and mappings to structure our thinking about such instruments. This will be used at the heart of a new organology that embraces the qualities of both acoustic and electroacoustic instruments.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Conceptualizing Musical Instruments. Show summary

  What is an instrument in our increasingly electrified world? In this talk I will present a set of theoretical building blocks from my recent book "Sound Actions". At the core of the argument is the observation that the introduction of new music technologies has led to an increased separation between action and sound in musical performance. This has happened gradually, with pianos and organs being important early examples of instruments that introduced mechanical components between the performer and resonating objects. Today's network-based instruments represent an extreme case of a spatiotemporal dislocation between action and sound. They challenge our ideas of what an instrument can be, who can perform on them, and how they should be analyzed. In the lecture I will explain how we can use the concepts of action-sound couplings and mappings to structure our thinking about such instruments.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Explorations of human micromotion through standing still. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I will stand still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. The aim is to collect data about my micromotion and compare it to the qualities of the environment. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. In the talk, I will present results from the annual Norwegian Championships of Standstill, where we have studied the influence of music on people's micromotion. I will also talk about how micromotion can be used in interactive music systems, allowing for conscious and unconscious control of musical sounds.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Conceptualizing Musical Instruments. Show summary

  What is an instrument in our increasingly electrified world? In this talk I will present a set of theoretical building blocks from my forthcoming book on "musicking in an electronic world". At the core of the argument is the observation that the introduction of new music technologies has led to an increased separation between action and sound in musical performance. This has happened gradually, with pianos and organs being important early examples of instruments that introduced mechanical components between the performer and resonating objects. Today's network-based instruments represent an extreme case of a spatiotemporal dislocation between action and sound. They challenge our ideas of what an instrument can be, who can perform on them, and how they should be analyzed. In the lecture I will explain how we can use the concepts of action-sound couplings and mappings to structure our thinking about such instruments. This will be used at the heart of a new organology that embraces the qualities of both acoustic and electroacoustic instruments.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Explorations of human micromotion through standing still. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I will stand still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. The aim is to collect data about my micromotion and compare it to the qualities of the environment. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. In the talk, I will present results from the annual Norwegian Championships of Standstill, where we have studied the influence of music on people's micromotion. I will also talk about how micromotion can be used in interactive music systems, allowing for conscious and unconscious control of musical sounds.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Exploring Human Micromotion Through Standing Still. Show summary

  Moving slowly likely puts us into a special state of mind. Subjective reports from various practices including dance, Tai Chi and walking meditation suggest that slow movements can bring participants into a special state involving increased relaxation and awareness. Interestingly, relatively little research has been performed specifically to understand the underlying mechanisms and the possible applications of human slow movement. One reason might be that slow movements are not common in day-to-day life: when we want to move ¨C for example to pick up our cup of coffee - we usually want to do it now. Some evidence suggests that humans tend to avoid moving slowly in different tasks, for example, when improvising movements together. The goal of this meeting is to bring together scholars and practitioners interested in slow movement, and to foster interdisciplinary research on this somewhat neglected topic.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Still Standing: The effects of sound and music on people standing still. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I have been standing still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. In the talk, I will present results from the annual Norwegian Championships of Standstill, where we have studied the influence of music on people's micromotion. I will also talk about how micromotion can be used in interactive music systems, allowing for the conscious and unconscious control of musical sounds.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Still Standing: The effects of sound and music on people standing still. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I have been standing still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. In the talk, I will present results from the annual Norwegian Championships of Standstill, where we have studied the influence of music on people's micromotion. I will also talk about how micromotion can be used in interactive music systems, allowing for the conscious and unconscious control of musical sounds.

• Olaisen, Sofie Retterst?l; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Vuoskoski, Jonna Katariina (2023). Una m? danse n?r ho h?yrer musikk: ¨C Eit urgamalt instinkt. [Internet]. NRK. Show summary

  Urgamle instinkt blir sett i sving n?r hjernen din oppfattar musikk. No kan forskarane ogs? sj? danselysta i augo dine.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Exploring large datasets of human, music-related standstill. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I will stand still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. The aim is to collect data about my micromotion and compare it to the qualities of the environment. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. In the talk, I will present results from the annual Norwegian Championships of Standstill, where we have studied the influence of music on people's micromotion. I will also talk about how micromotion can be used in interactive music systems, allowing for conscious and unconscious control of musical sounds.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Z¨¹rn, Christof (2023). Standing still with Alexander Refsum Jensenius. [Internet]. The Power of Music Thinking. Show summary

  What is the use of standing still for 10 minutes? I was asking myself when I saw a post on social media. It was a double picture of a man with a mobile phone around his neck displaying some data, and another picture showed the view he saw at that moment. I learned that he stood there for 10 minutes without any movement, listening to the sound that was already there. There were many pictures like this, and I decided to get in contact. So, today, we are in Oslo. We speak with Alexander Refsum Jensenius, a professor of music technology at the University of Oslo, a book author, a music researcher and researching musician working in the fields of embodied music cognition and new interfaces for musical expression. Alexander shares with us his experiences while performing and testing with artistic methods of embodied listening and how people experience music and sound. This goes from experiments with and without the conductor of a Symphony Orchestra to the sounds of our kitchen appliances. We talk about his motion capture lab, where a person¡¯s exact location and micro-movements can be detected while they hear different kinds of music, and how the researchers can understand what moves them. Alexander shares insights about the Norwegian Championship of Stand Still, where until now, 1000s of people have participated, and the winner is the person with the lowest average velocity on standing the stillest over some time. Alexander explains the interplay of body and mind and reveals some secrets on how to move people, for example, on the dance floor or to calm them down. It all has to do with our bpm, the average heartbeat of about 60 beats a minute.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2023). Observing spaces while standing still. Show summary

  Throughout 2023, I stand still for ten minutes around noon every day, in a different room each day. This project follows a decade-long exploration of human micromotion from both artistic and scientific perspectives. Previously, I have been interested in the impact of music. Now, I am listening to ventilation systems, elevators, and people walking and talking and reflecting on how they influence my body and mind. The aim is to understand more about the rhythms of the environment.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). Responsible Research and Innovation in Sound and Music Computing. Show summary

  My presentation will focus on how the ongoing shift to Open Research within the field of sound and music computing (SMC) promotes Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI).

• Lesteberg, Mari & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). MICRO and MACRO - Developing New Accessible Musicking Technologies. Show summary

  This paper describes the development of two musical instrument prototypes developed to explore how non-haptic music technologies can be accessed from a web browser and how they can offer accessibility for people with low fine motor skills. Two approaches to browser-based motion capture were developed and tested during an iterative design process. This was followed by observational studies of two user groups: one with low fine motor skills and one with normal motor skills. Contrary to our expectations, we found that avoiding the use of buttons and mice did not make the apps more accessible for the participants with low fine motor skills. Furthermore, motion speed was considered more important for people with low motor skills than the size of the control action. The most important finding is that browser-based musical instruments using sensor-based and video-based motion tracking are not only feasible but allow for reaching much larger groups of people than previously possible. This may ultimately lead to both more personalized and accessible musical experiences.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). Erfaringer med ? lage 3xMOOC. Show summary

  I denne presentasjonen vil jeg presentere hvordan vi gjennom ?rene har utviklet tre komplette nettkurs ved Universitetet i Oslo: Music Moves (2016), Motion Capture (2022) og Pupillometry (2023). Fokuset vil ligge p? muligheter og utfordringer i video i utdanningssammenheng.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ashley, Kevin (2022). FAIR in Higher Education. Show summary

  Between January 25th and 27th, FAIRsFAIR partners and stakeholders will meet for a series of concluding meetings to deep-dive into the results of FAIRsFAIR. We¡¯ll analyse the impact that we managed to have on the European Research Community. We'll go once more through the tools, guidelines and best practices that we have produced and delivered to researchers, data stewards, decision makers and funders towards a better, more structured approach towards FAIR data management. We¡¯ll take the recommendations we produced and the lessons we learnt and leave them as a legacy for future activities to come.

• Remache-Vinueza, Byron & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2022). Groundbreaking New Technology Allows People To Listen to Music Through Touch. [Internet]. SciTechDaily. Show summary

  An audio-tactile algorithm created by University of Malaga scientists conveys melodic information through vibration.

• Remache-Vinueza, Byron; Trujillo-Le¨®n, Andr¨¦s; Clim, Maria-Alena; Sarmiento-Ortiz, Fabi¨¢n; Topon-Visarrea, Liliana & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Mapping Monophonic MIDI Tracks to Vibrotactile Stimuli Using Tactile Illusions. Show summary

  In this project, we propose an algorithm to convert musical features and structures extracted from monophonic MIDI files to tactile illusions. Mapping music to vibrotactile stimuli is a challenging process since the perceptible frequency range of the skin is lower than that of the auditory system, which may cause the loss of some musical features. Moreover, current proposed models do not warrant the correspondence between the emotional response to music and the vibrotactile version of it. We propose to use tactile illusions as an additional resource to convey more meaningful vibrotactile stimuli. Tactile illusions enable us to add dynamics to vibrotactile stimuli in the form of movement, changes of direction, and localization. The suggested algorithm converts monophonic MIDI files into arrangements of two tactile illusions: ¡°phantom motion¡± and ¡°funneling¡±. The validation of the rendered material consisted of presenting the audio rendered from MIDI files to participants and then adding the vibrotactile component to it. The arrangement of tactile illusions was also evaluated alone. Results suggest that the arrangement of tactile illusions evokes more positive emotions than negative ones. This arrangement was also perceived as more agreeable and stimulating than the original audio. Although musical features such as rhythm, tempo, and melody were mostly recognized in the arrangement of tactile illusions, it provoked a different emotional response from that of the original audio.

• Zelechowska, Agata & Pileberg, Silje (2021). Some music makes it impossible to stand still.
• Zelechowska, Agata & Pileberg, Silje (2021). Denne musikken gj?r at du ikke klarer ? st? i ro.
• Zelechowska, Agata & Pileberg, Silje (2021). Some music makes it impossible to stand still.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Hvorfor leder ?penhet til bedre forskning?
• Masu, Raul; Melbye, Adam Pultz; Sullivan, John & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). NIME and the Environment: Toward a More Sustainable NIME Practice. Show summary

  This paper addresses environmental issues around NIME research and practice. We discuss the formulation of an environmental statement for the conference as well as the initiation of a NIME Eco Wiki containing information on environmental concerns related to the creation of new musical instruments. We outline a number of these concerns and, by systematically reviewing the proceedings of all previous NIME conferences, identify a general lack of reflection on the environmental impact of the research undertaken. Finally, we propose a framework for addressing the making, testing, using, and disposal of NIMEs in the hope that sustainability may become a central concern to researchers.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Holm, Hege (2021). Hva f?r oss ut p? dansegulvet? [Radio]. NRK P1. Show summary

  Hva f?r oss ut p? dansegulvet? Det er forsket p? hva som skal til for at vi beveger oss til musikk. Det er helt spesielle rytmer som f?r kroppen v?r til ? bevege seg, enten vi vil eller ei. Professor med bakgrunn b?de fra musikk, fysikk og matematikk forklarer.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Technology on the opera stage.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & S?rb?, Solveig Isis (2021). Lyd, stillhet, bevegelse og stillstand. [Radio]. Radiorakel. Show summary

  Solveigs Speisa Musikk

• Upham, Finn; Zelechowska, Agata; Gonzalez, Victor & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Quiet Breathing to Heard Music.
• Zelechowska, Agata; Gonzalez, Victor & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Championship of Standstill: A paradigm to study involuntary responses to music with the use of motion capture.
• Masu, Raul; Melbye, Adam Pultz; Sullivan, John & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). NIME Eco Wiki: A Crash Course. Show summary

  In this workshop, hosted by the three NIME environmental officers, participants will be introduced to the NIME Eco Wiki, a repository for addressing environmental and sustainability issues within the NIME community. During the workshop, the participants will discuss how practices on the communal as well as the individual level may become more sustainable and they will create new additions and ideas for the Wiki.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). The experience of time and space in human standstill.
• Zelechowska, Agata & Pileberg, Silje (2021). Some music makes it impossible to stand still.
• Laczko, Balint & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2021). Reflections on the Development of the Musical Gestures Toolbox for Python. Show summary

  The paper presents the Musical Gestures Toolbox (MGT) for Python, a collection of modules targeted at researchers working with video recordings. The toolbox includes video visualization techniques such as creating motion videos, motion history images, and motiongrams. These visualizations allow for studying video recordings from different temporal and spatial perspectives. The toolbox also includes basic computer vision methods, and it is designed to integrate well with audio analysis toolboxes. The MGT was initially developed to analyze music-related body motion (of musicians, dancers, and perceivers) but is equally helpful for other disciplines working with video recordings of humans, such as linguistics, pedagogy, psychology, and medicine.

• Zelechowska, Agata; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Standstill to the ¡®beat¡¯: Differences in involuntary movement responses to simple and complex rhythms. Show summary

  Previous studies have shown that movement-inducing properties of music largely depend on the rhythmic complexity of the stimuli. However, little is known about how simple isochronous beat patterns differ from more complex rhythmic structures in their effect on body movement. In this paper we study spontaneous movement of 98 participants instructed to stand as still as possible for 7 minutes while listening to silence and randomised sound excerpts: isochronous drumbeats and complex drum patterns, each at three different tempi (90, 120, 140 BPM). The participants¡¯ head movement was recorded with an optical motion capture system.We found that on average participants moved more during the sound stimuli than in silence, which confirms the results from our previous studies. Moreover, the stimulus with complex drum patterns elicited more movement when compared to the isochronous drum beats. Across different tempi, the participants moved most at 120 BPM for the average of both types of stimuli. For the isochronous drumbeats, however, their movement was highest at 140 BPM. These results can contribute to our understanding of the interplay between rhythmic complexity, tempo and music-induced movement.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Kan en datamaskin lage den neste megahiten? [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Musikk laget av kunstig intelligens. [TV]. NRK Dagsrevyen.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Musikk laget av algoritmer utfordrer musikkbransjen: ¨C Det er klart vi er bekymret. [Internet]. NRK.no. Show summary

  Frank Sinatra har kommet med en ny sang 22 ?r etter sin d?d. Eller, har han egentlig det?

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Nesten umulig ? st? i ro til musikk. [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Hvor vanskelig er det egentlig ? la v?re ? bevege seg til fengende musikk? [TV]. NRK Dagsrevyen.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). Klarer du ? st? stille til favorittl?ta di? [Internet]. NRK.no.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Ingebrethsen, Christian (2020). 澳门葡京手机版app下载 om danselyst. [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Lillesl?tten, Mari (2020). You just can¡¯t stand still. [Internet]. HF-aktuelt. Show summary

  Not moving to dance music is near impossible, according to new research.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Lillesl?tten, Mari (2020). Du klarer faktisk ikke ? st? stille. [Internet]. HF-aktuelt. Show summary

  ? ikke bevege seg til dansemusikk, er s? godt som umulig, viser ny forskning.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Andersson, B?rd (2020). Umulig ? st? stille til musikk. [Journal]. KulturPlot. Show summary

  N? er det bevist: Det finnes en indre dansel?ve i oss alle. Ny forskning viser dessuten at den musikken som ikke f?r det til ? rykke i dansefoten er norsk.

• Malec, Monika & Zelechowska, Agata (2020). Poczt¨®wka d?wi?kowa. [Radio]. Polskie Radio Lublin.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Hvorfor er ?pen forskning bedre forskning?
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Some Challenges of Citizen Science for Universities. Show summary

  The potential of Citizen Science is high on the agenda in the discussion on the future of academic research. The European Commission¡¯s Communication ¡°A new ERA for Research and Innovation¡±, published in September 2020, states that ¡°[...] the engagement of citizens, local communities and civil society will [help] achieve greater social impact and increased trust in science.¡± Citizens can contribute in diverse ways, ranging from data collection over data analysis to co-designing projects, and thereby bring academic research and its outcomes closer to society. However, Citizen Science also accentuates ethical and legal questions about ownership of the research process and outcomes, and poses challenges in terms of safeguarding research quality. Addressing these challenges and using the opportunities of Citizen Science will require universities to take the lead and consider the place of Citizen Science within their institutional strategies, as well as the support they offer to research staff. Engaging in inclusive and transparent science, Citizen Science and Open Science are becoming increasingly intertwined. Currently, Citizen Science is described by the European Commission as ¡°both an aim and enabler of Open Science¡±. This joint workshop will discuss themes around institutional support for Citizen Science and offers an opportunity to transfer and share knowledge. The aim is to exchange experiences, lessons learnt, and explore common challenges. To support Citizen Science, the online workshop will discuss tools, guidelines and good practices from Open Science experiences as well. Participating universities will have the opportunity to share expertise, coordinate efforts and exchange advice on services, tools and legal and ethical issues.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Svendsen, Njord Vegard (2020). Spelelystene. [Journal]. Khrono. Show summary

  For somme er ein arbeidsdag utan musikk utenkeleg.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Video Visualization Strategies at RITMO.
• Zelechowska, Agata (2020). What is musical entrainment?
• Zelechowska, Agata (2020). Irresistible Movement: The Role of Musical Sound, Individual Differences and Listening Context in Movement Responses to Music.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & J?rgensen, Paul Arvid (2019). Kulturstripa: Musikken som beveger. [Radio]. NRK P2. Show summary

  Er du av typen som berre m? danse n?r du h?yrer ein viss type musikk? Paul Arvid J?rgensen har m?tt ein forskar som ser p? om vi menneske er f?dd med dansefot, og om ein type musikk f?rer til meir r?rsle enn en annan.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Sound actions: An embodied approach to a digital organology. Show summary

  What is an instrument in our increasingly electrified world? In this talk I will present a set of theoretical building blocks from my forthcoming book on "musicking in an electronic world". At the core of the argument is the observation that the introduction of new music technologies has led to an increased separation between action and sound in musical performance. This has happened gradually, with pianos and organs being important early examples of instruments that introduced mechanical components between the performer and resonating objects. Today's network-based instruments represent an extreme case of a spatiotemporal dislocation between action and sound. They challenge our ideas of what an instrument can be, who can perform on them, and how they should be analyzed. In the lecture I will explain how we can use the concepts of action-sound couplings and mappings to structure our thinking about such instruments. This will be used at the heart of a new organology that embraces the qualities of both acoustic and electroacoustic instruments.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Lecture-demo: Music-Related Micromotion. Show summary

  This presentation will summarize findings from my research into music-related micromotion. This includes the smallest human motion that we can perform and perceive, typically measured at at a scale of millimeters. We have carried out a series of studies of such micromotion, in which people have been asked to try to stand still on the floor, both in silence and with (musical) sound. By measuring their bodily responses with different types of motion tracking and physiological devices we find a number of similarities between people's quantity and quality of motion. This has been the starting point for exploring the use of micromotion in musical practice, what I call 'sonic microinteraction'. This includes standstill performances with interactive sound and light. It also includes several installations with our ensemble of self-playing guitars. These are hybrid instruments, using digital sound-production through acoustically resonating guitars. They are controlled through inverse microinteraction, meaning that you need to focus on standing still to produce any sound. This challenges our traditional understanding of the affordance of musical instruments, and opens for both artistically and scientifically interesting perspectives.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Seres, Silvija (2019). Eksp?rt: Alexander Refsum Jensenius. [Radio]. L?RN Podcast. Show summary

  Hva kan vi finne n?r vi analyserer folks dansebevegelser? Og hva er selvspillende gitarer? I denne episoden av #L?RN snakker Silvija med f?rsteamanuensis ved Institutt for musikkvitenskap ved Universitetet i Oslo, Alexander Refsum Jensenius, om NM i stillstand og kunst og teknologi. ¡ª Vi tror at det er noen dypt forankrede systemer som gj?r at bevegelse og musikk er koblet sammen i hjernen v?r. S? lyd og bevegelse har ikke skiller, forteller han.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Sound actions: An embodied approach to a digital organology. Show summary

  What is an instrument in our increasingly electrified world? In this talk I will present a set of theoretical building blocks from my forthcoming book on "musicking in an electronic world". At the core of the argument is the observation that the introduction of new music technologies has led to an increased separation between action and sound in musical performance. This has happened gradually, with pianos and organs being important early examples of instruments that introduced mechanical components between the performer and resonating objects. Today's network-based instruments represent an extreme case of a spatiotemporal dislocation between action and sound. They challenge our ideas of what an instrument can be, who can perform on them, and how they should be analyzed. In the lecture I will explain how we can use the concepts of action-sound couplings and mappings to structure our thinking about such instruments. This will be used at the heart of a new organology that embraces the qualities of both acoustic and electroacoustic instruments.

• Diaz, Ximena Alarc¨®n & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). "Ellos no est¨¢n entendiendo nada" ("They are not understanding anything"): Listening to Embodied Memories of Colombian Migrant Women Reflecting on Conflict and Migration. Show summary

  Exploring the role of the body as an interface that keeps memory of place, INTIMAL physical-virtual ¡°embodied¡± system, integrates body movement, voice, and an oral archive, as an artistic platform for relational listening (Alarc¨®n, 2019), using networking technologies for telematic sonic improvisatory performances, in the context of geographical migration. INTIMAL has been informed by a case study with nine Colombian migrant women in Europe, listening to their migrations, and to an oral archive with testimonies of conflict and migration by other Colombian migrant women.1 The first two interfaces created for the system: MEMENTO (a spoken word retrieval system), and RESPIRO (for transmission and sonification of breathing data), have been tested by the research participants in a telematic sonic improvisatory public improvisatory performance between the cities of Oslo, Barcelona, and London. In the performance, proposed as a shared dream, a ¡°complex narrative¡± (Grishakova & Poulaki, 2019) emerged, for both the improvisers and the audiences. In this paper, we describe the conditions of the narrative environment, and the embodied expressions that emerged¡ªincluding body movement, voice, spoken word, and breathing¡ªestablishing connections between gendered migration, and Colombian conflict. We reflect on how distributed improvisatory embodied expression, and relational listening through technological mediations, aids the process of collective remembering (Wertsch, 2001), in a complex context of conflict and migration.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Technology and the voice.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Exploring the Spatiotemporal Matrix in Music-Dance Performance. Show summary

  I will present the spatiotemporal matrix, a system for categorizing human actions into different spatial and temporal levels: micro, meso, macro. Most regular human actions would be categorized as meso-meso, that is, medium-sized motion within a timespan that fits our short-term memory. Exploring combinations of micro and macro levels in both space and time is challenging, but is also conceptually, practically and artistically interesting. I will show an example of this from the music-dance performance Sverm, and explain how the matrix was informed by my research into the effect of music on the micromotion observed when people try to stand still.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Hva kan kroppslig stillstand si om opplevelsen av musikk?
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Lieungh, Erik (2019). #26 Music Research. [Radio]. Open Science Talk. Show summary

  In this episode, we talk about Music Research, and how it is to practice open research within this field. Our guest is Alexander Jensenius, Associate Professor at the Department of Musicology - Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion (IMV) at the University of Oslo. He is also behind MusicLAb, an event-based project where data is collected, during a musical performance, and analyzed on the fly.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Reflections from a Carpentries Train the Trainer Workshop. [Journal]. Carpentries.org. Show summary

  In this post, Alexander Refsum Jensenius shares thoughts and takeaways from a recent Train the Trainer Workshop

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Experimenting with Open Research Experiments. Show summary

  Is it possible to do experimental music research completely openly? And what can we gain by opening up the research process from beginning to end? In the talk I will present MusicLab, an open research project at the University of Oslo. The aim is to explore new methods for conducting research, research communication, and education. Each MusicLab event is organized around a public music performance, during which we collect data from both musicians and audience members. Here we explore different types of sensing systems that work in real-world contexts, such as breathing, heartbeat, muscle tension, or motion. The events also contain an edutainment element through panel discussions as well as "data jockeying" in the form of live data analysis. The collected data is made publicly available, and forms the basis for further analysis and publications after the event. Opening up the research process is conceptually, practically, and technologically challenging for everyone involved. The benefit is that it has helped us solve a number of issues when it comes to GDPR and copyright. It has also pushed our research in directions that we previously had never thought about, and helped us communicate this to new users.

• Sedo, Anna Xambo; St?ckert, Robin; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Saue, Sigurd (2019). Facilitating Team-Based Programming Learning with Web Audio. Show summary

  In this paper, we present a course of audio programming using web audio technologies addressed to an interdisciplinary group of master students who are mostly beginners in programming. This course is held in two connected university campuses through a portal space and the students are expected to work in cross-campus teams. The workshop promotes both individual and group work and is based on ideas from science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEAM), team-based learning and project-based learning. We show the outcomes of this course, discuss the students¡¯ feedback and reflect on the results. We found that it is important to provide individual vs. group work, to use the same code editor for consistent follow-up and to be able to share the screen to solve individual questions. Other aspects inherent to the master (intensity of the courses, coding in a research-oriented program) and to prior knowledge (web technologies) should be reconsidered. We conclude with a wider reflection on the challenges and potentials of using web audio as a programming environment for beginners in STEAM and distance-learning courses.

• S?rb?, Solveig Isis; Good, Matthew & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). RITMO + UB = MusicLab. Show summary

  MusicLab er et 澳门葡京手机版app下载sprosjekt mellom UB og RITMO og en pilot p? ?pen forskning ved UiO. Konseptet kombinerer live musikk, live forskning og vitenskapsformidling. Det er mye vi har f?tt til med MusicLab, men i slikt nybrottsarbeid st?ter man ogs? p? nye typer utfordringer. Hvor langt kan man trekke ?penheten?

• Becker, Artur; Herrebr?den, Henrik; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Nymoen, Kristian; Freitas, Carla Maria Dal Sasso & T?rresen, Jim [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Functional Data Analysis of Rowing Technique Using Motion Capture Data. Show summary

  We present an approach to analyzing the motion capture data ofrowers using bivariate functional principal component analysis(bfPCA). The method has been applied on data from six elite rowersrowing on an ergometer. The analyses of the upper and lower bodycoordination during the rowing cycle revealed significant differences between the rowers, even though the data was normalized toaccount for differences in body dimensions. We make an argumentfor the use of bfPCA and other functional data analysis methods forthe quantitative evaluation and description of technique in sports.

• Zelechowska, Agata & Lokna, Maria (2019). Vi er konstant absorbert i en annen verden.
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Herrebr?den, Henrik; Olimstad, Jostein & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Effects of acoustic pacing on the smoothness of rowing movements. Show summary

  The influence of acoustic stimuli and feedback in sport has been explored as means of optimizing technique, in particular during training. Interactive and adaptive acoustic systems have been evaluated for rowing, with results showing a significant increase in boat velocity. However, assessment of the effects of acoustic feedback and pacing in the technical aspects of rowing is still scarce. Previous studies on the smoothness of the stroke force profile have shown that smoothness metrics can qualitatively reflect movement coordination. In this study, we quantify and compare hand movement smoothness from rowers performing under three acoustic conditions: silence, verbal instructions, and acoustic pacing.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Scientific Computing Use Case: RITMO.
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez (2019). MICRO: Human Bodily Micromotion in Music Perception and Interaction. Show summary

  This talk will highlight links between music and human movement, aiming at providing insight into crucial aspects of human perception, cognition, and sensorimotor systems. It will analyze responses to a wide range of music and sound features, exploiting concepts such as the groove, embodied music cognition, and entrainment. Victor will be glad to discuss potential implications of movement-analysis research for embodiment perspectives on technologically enabled conceptual learning.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Developing the self-playing guitars. Show summary

  The AAAI project holds a final workshop showcasing instruments developed and techniques explored. The workshop also consists of a performance with new pieces for augmented guitars, violins, double basses, ukuleles, as well as six self-playing guitars.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). The RITMO Centre at University of Oslo.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Tutorial: Musical Gestures Toolbox. Show summary

  An intensive PhD-level training course on sound and motion analysis with experts in sound and music computing from the Nordic countries.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Erdem, Cagri; Zelechowska, Agata; Lan, Qichao; Fuhrer, Julian Peter & Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez (2019). Entraining Guitars.
• Diaz, Ximena Alarc¨®n; Boddie, Paul; Erdem, Cagri; Aandahl, Eigil; Andersen, Elias Sukken & Dahl, Eirik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Sensing Place and Presence in an INTIMAL Long-Distance Improvisation. Show summary

  INTIMAL is an interactive system for relational listening, which integrates physical-virtual interfaces for people to sonically improvise between distant locations. The aim is to embrace two key aspects in the context of human migration: the sense of place and the sense of presence. This paper reflects on the use of INTIMAL in a long-distance improvisation between the cities of Oslo, Barcelona and London in May 2019. This improvisation was performed by nine Colombian migrant women, who had been involved in a research process using the Deep Listening? practice developed by Pauline Oliveros. Here we describe the performance setting and the implementation of the first two interfaces of the system: MEMENTO, an ¡°embodied¡± navigator of an oral archive of Colombian women¡¯s testimonies of conflict and migration; and RESPIRO, a sonification system that transmits and sonifies live, breathing signals between distant locations. We reflect on how the two interfaces facilitated and challenged the improvisers¡¯ listening experiences and connections.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Schramm, Rodrigo; Coccioli, Lamberto; Mancini, Clara & Lyons, Michael J. (2019). Ethics at NIME. Show summary

  This workshop is intended to discuss how we think about and handle research ethics at NIME conferences. A number of NIME papers involved studies on/with humans. Most of these are on volunteering adults, but there are also examples of studies with children, and with patients. We also see an interest in the community to carry out research on/with animals. NIME¡¯s current ethical guidelines do not take these perspectives into account. The Steering Committee therefore sees the need to develop better and more up-to-date ethical guidelines for the conference. This is to create an increased awareness about the needs for ethical considerations in the community, but also as guidelines for reviewers and conference chairs. NIME is proud of being a very heterogeneous community, covering people working in a large number of different scientific disciplines, artistic practices, as well as R&D in the industry. Needless to say, this breadth of perspectives also means that it is difficult to impose the same guidelines on all studies. NIME researchers also have to abide to a number of different regulations at institutional, regional, national, continental and international levels. The workshop will consist of short introductions to some challenges faced when carrying out research on/with humans and animals, in both scientific and artistic contexts. This will be followed by group-based brainstorming and a final plenary discussion.

• Erdem, Cagri; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Vrengt: A Shared Body¨CMachine Instrument for Music¨CDance Performance.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; McPherson, Andrew; Sedo, Anna Xambo; Overholt, Dan; Pellerin, Guillaume & Bukvic, Ivica Ico [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Open Research Strategies and Tools in the NIME Community. Show summary

  This workshop is intended for discussing how we can develop more and better strategies and tools for opening up research processes and results within the NIME community. The development of more openness in research has been in progress for a fairly long time, and has recently received a lot of more political attention through the Plan S initiative, The Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), EU's Horizon Europe, and so on. The NIME community has been positive to openness since the beginning, but still has not been able to fully explore this within the community. We call for a workshop to discuss how we can move forwards in making the NIME community (even) more open throughout all its activities.

• Erdem, Cagri; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2019). Vrengt: A Shared Body¨CMachine Instrument for Music¨CDance Performance.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Sophus Bugges Salong: Rytmer og f?lelser. Show summary

  Hvorfor opplever vi rytmer og tid slik vi gj?r? "RITMO Senter for tverrfaglig forskning p? rytme, tid og bevegelse" vil gi oss svaret.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Seres, Silvija (2018). #89: Alexander Jensenius: Slik danser du din egen musikk. [Internet]. Oslo Business Forum. Show summary

  Hvordan kan teknologi og musikk bli til noe veldig spennende? Og hva er unikt med m?ten vi beveger oss p?? Dagens podkastgjest er f?rsteamanuensis i musikkteknologi, Alexander Jensenius. I episode #89 av podkastserien ¡®De som bygger det nye Norge med Silvija Seres¡¯ snakker Jensenius om hvordan tverrfaglighet mellom uvanlige fag og disipliner ?pne nye m?ter ? tenke p?. Han snakker ogs? om hvordan han bruker ?motion capture? til ? studere mennesker i bevegelse, hva rytme betyr for mennesker og hans beste r?d til unge forskere.

• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Analysing the synchronisation of COM motion with music in human standing. Show summary

  Introduction Postural stability have been the focus of a number of studies on fall prevention and sports, with an emphasis on walking dynamics1 . Fewer studies have aimed at understanding the influence of sound stimuli in standing posture sway 2. Although the vestibular system plays a fundamental role in the control of postural stability, it has also been shown to be key in embodied cognition processes 3. It is in part through the vestibular system that music activates motor areas in the brain to induce movement, while body movement enhances the cognitive processing of sound and music 3. This study explored the influence of music on postural control by measuring synchronization between body center of mass (COM) sway with music. Methods 7 women (32 ¡À 4.39 years, 1.73 ¡À 0.04 m, mean ¡À SD), and 5 men (29.67 ¡À 4.63 years, 1.81 ¡À 0.04 m) participated in the study. Participants were asked to stand still for 6 minutes as they were presented with alternating segments of silence and music. COM movements were measured from the position of a passive marker placed in the midline of the sacrum, recorded using an infrared motion capture system. Radial and vertical COM movements were cross-correlated with the pulse clarity, RMS, and spectral centroid of the stimuli. Results Paired samples t-test revealed differences in COM radial and vertical sway between silent and music conditions to be significant at the 0.05 level. A repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of the stimuli on COM sway (p < 0.05). The effect of the stimuli on the lag of maximum cross-correlation (delay) between COM radial sway and RMS was shown to be significant (p < 0.05). Differences in delay between pulse clarity and COM vertical sway were significant between stimuli (p < 0.05 ). Discussion Results suggest that the effect of RMS in music-induced postural sway might be predominant in the radial plane, with anticipatory behavior observed for stimuli with low RMS. Vertical sway correspondence patterns suggest anticipatory vertical motion to music spectral centroid. A more robust understanding of a range of music features and their links with induced movement could lead to insight into the role of the vestibular and sensory systems in balance control. References 1 Cimolin, V., Galli, M. (2014). Summary measures for clinical gait analysis: A literature review. Gait & Posture 39, 1005-1010. 2 Ross, J. M., Warlaumont, A. S., Abney, D. H., Rigoli, L. M., and Balasubramaniam, R. (2016). Influence of musical groove on postural sway. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance Advance online publication. 3 Todd, N. P. (1999). Motion in music: A neurobiological perspective. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal 17, 115¨C126.

• MacCallum:, John; Naccarato, Teoma; Caramiaux, Baptiste; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Alaoui, Sarah Fdili & LaViers, Amy [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2018). Panel: What Escapes Computation in Interactive Performance? Show summary

  Can we better understand the complex process of human music perception through a standardisation of the quantification of involuntary correspondences between motion and music? Exploring the frequency-domain and time-domain links between sound and motion signals in a systematic manner might encourage international and interdisciplinary collaboration, boosting developments in the field and knowledge transferability.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Introduction to Musical Gestures Toolbox for Matlab.
• Martin, Charles Patrick; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata; Erdem, Cagri & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Stillness under Tension.
• Fuhrer, Julian Peter; Glette, Kyrre & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Interactive Animation of the RITMO Logo. Show summary

  In this project the logo of RITMO is installed in an interactive animation. It is able to move in accordance with the frequency band of an audio input stream. That is to say, the RITMO logo interacts with the rhythmical streams of music.

• Danielsen, Anne & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Rytme i tid og rom.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Hvilken type IKT-kompetanse trenger humanister og samfunnsvitere?
• Martin, Charles Patrick; Lesteberg, Mari; Jawad, Karolina; Aandahl, Eigil; Xamb¨®, Anna & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Stillness under Tension.
• B?hn, Einar Duenger; Smajdor, Anna Colette & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Humaniora og teknologi.
• Zelechowska, Agata; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). How music moves us? Studying human body micromotion in music perception. Show summary

  Music has the power to influence not only our thoughts and emotions, but also various physiological processes in our bodies. Furthermore, it often encourages physical movement of the listener. While there are numerous studies describing spontaneous psychophysiological responses to music that are linked with emotions, spontaneous body movement to music has became a topic of exploration relatively recently. Mostly, it has been studied in the context of free dance (Burger et al., 2013) or synchronization to musical rhythm while performing repetitive movements such as walking (Styns et al., 2007). But what can we observe if the participants are just standing still? In our project ¡°MICRO - Human Bodily Micromotion in Music Perception and Interaction¡± we focus on movements so small that they can be unnoticed both by observer and performer, and that can happen involuntarily. This is what we call ¡°micromotion¡± of the human body. To see how these small movements are affected by music, we develop different experiments using mainly motion capture technology, but also physiological measures such as electromyography (EMG). In this presentation I would like to describe some of our research methods, findings and plans. In one of the experiment paradigms, disguised as the ¡°Norwegian Championship of Standitill¡±, we invite groups of participants to the laboratory and ask them to stand as still as possible while we present them with segments of selected music or silence. The head motion of each participant is captured using an infrared optical system. In 2012, 91 subjects stood on the floor for 3 minutes in silence and 3 minutes listening to music of increasing level of rhythmicality and energy (Jensenius et al., 2017). In 2017, 71 participants listened to 6 minutes consisting of segments of silence alternating with electronic dance music (EDM), classical Indian music or Norwegian fiddle music. In both studies we observed higher mean quantity of motion of the participants (QoM) in music condition compared to silence condition, and the effect was driven mostly by EDM. We also observed correlations between QoM and participant¡¯s age, height and standing strategy (locked knees), although these results are mixed between the two studies. The future goal is to look more closely into specific features in music that correspond with observed movement, to search for signs of rhythmic entrainment, and to see what demographic and psychological factors might contribute to interpersonal differences in music induced body micromotion. References: Burger, B., Thompson, M. R., Luck, G., Saarikallio, S., & Toiviainen, P. (2013). Influences of rhythm-and timbre-related musical features on characteristics of music-induced movement. Frontiers in psychology, 4, 183. Jensenius, A. R., Zelechowska, A., & Gonzalez Sanchez, V. E. (2017). The Musical Influence on People's Micromotion when Standing Still in Groups. In Proceedings of the SMC Conferences (pp. 195-200). Aalto University. Styns, F., van Noorden, L., Moelants, D., & Leman, M. (2007). Walking on music. Human movement science, 26(5), 769-785.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Kan musikk p?virke stillstanden din? 澳门葡京手机版app下载.no. ISSN 1891-635X. Show summary

  Det er umulig ? st? stille. Kroppen lever og beveger seg hele tiden. Selv om man fors?ker ? st? i ro, klarer man det ikke helt. S? hvor stille st?r vi egentlig? Og hvordan p?virker musikk oss n?r vi st?r stille?

• Vestre, Eskil Olaf; Danielsen, Anne; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; London, Justin; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Abramczyk, Filip (2018). Rytmen er en danser. [Journal]. Ballade.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Adde, Lars & Flydal, Lars O. (2018). 澳门葡京手机版app下载sm?te mellom musikk og medisin. [Journal]. V?rt Land. Show summary

  Tverrfaglig nytte: 澳门葡京手机版app下载 p? kroppens rytmer og bevegelser har skapt nye diagnoseverkt?y som gj?r at ?cerebral parese kan p?pekes tidligere.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Danielsen, Anne; London, Justin; Schia, Katja Henriksen & Abramczyk, Filip (2018). Intellectual warm-up: "Rhythm".
• Schia, Katja Henriksen; Erdem, Cagri; Lan, Qichao & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Music-Dance Performance: "Rhythm".
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; S?rb?, Solveig Isis & Arvola, Jakob (2018). MusicLab - et nytt konsept for forskning og forskningsformidling. [Radio]. NRK Klassisk.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Forskerbloggen: Hvorfor f?r man lyst til ? danse til musikk? [TV]. NRK.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Fremtiden er analog - perspektiver p? humaniora og teknologi.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Ny musikkforskning ved RITMO.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). The recording and use of videos from music events ¨C how to balance ethical requirements and FAIR principles using data from live concerts, music performances and the like?
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). ?pen forskning - et humanistisk-teknologisk perspektiv.
• Lartillot, Olivier; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Haugen, Toril (2018). Mobilen finner musikk n?r du beveger h?nden. [Internet]. 澳门葡京手机版app下载.no.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). The importance of "nothing": studying human music-related micromotion. Show summary

  How much do people move when they try to stand still? Does listening to music influence your micromotion? Can we use micromotion in human-computer interaction? In this presentation, music technologist Alexander Refsum Jensenius (RITMO, UiO) will share some results from his research on human cognition on the boundaries between the conscious and the unconscious, the voluntary and the involuntary.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Studying "nothing": complexities of human music-related micromotion. Show summary

  How much do people move when they try to stand still? Does listening to music influence your micromotion? Can we use micromotion in human-computer interaction? In this presentation, music technologist Alexander Refsum Jensenius (RITMO, UiO) will share some results from his research on human cognition on the boundaries between the conscious and the unconscious, the voluntary and the involuntary.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik; Johnson, Victoria; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Francesca R. (2018). Sverm-Pluck.
• Jack, Robert; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik; Zelechowska, Agata & Martin, Charles Patrick [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Sverm-Resonans: interactive installation with resonating guitars and Bela. [Internet]. Bela blog. Show summary

  Sverm-Resonans is an interactive installation developed for the Ultima Contemporary Music Festival in Oslo which features 6 suspended guitars, each fitted with an actuator, distance sensor and a Bela.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). The Musical Gestures Toolbox for Matlab. Show summary

  The Musical Gestures Toolbox for Matlab (MGT) aims at assisting music researchers with importing, preprocessing, analyzing, and visualizing video, audio, and motion capture data in a coherent manner within Matlab.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Sparbo, Nj?l; Sen, Sagar & Edvardsen, Elisabeth (2018). Breath, breathing and the sensing of breathing.
• Danielsen, Anne & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). The Norwegian Centre of Excellence RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Vogt, Yngve (2018). Musikkprogram kan avsl?re cerebral parese. [Internet]. Apollon. Show summary

  Musikkforsker har laget et dataprogram for ? m?le bevegelsene til dansere. N? bruker medisinere verkt?yet hans til ? avsl?re om sm? babyer har cerebral parese.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Comments on Open Science - Do we need a national action plan?
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Muscle activity response of the audience during an experimental music performance. Show summary

  This exploratory study investigates muscular activity characteristics of a group of audience members during an experimental music performance. The study was designed to be as ecologically valid as possible, collecting data in a concert venue and making use of low-invasive measurement techniques. Muscle activity (EMG) from the forearms of 8 participants revealed that sitting in a group could be an indication of a level of group engagement, while comparatively greater muscular activity from a participant sitting at close distance to the stage suggests performance-induced bodily responses. The self-reported measures rendered little evidence supporting the links between muscular activity and live music exposure, although a larger sample size and a wider range of music styles need to be included in future studies to provide conclusive results.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Duch, Michael Francis; Langdalen, J?rgen; ?se, Tone; Larsen, Edvine & ?stern, Tone Pernille (2018). Kunsten ? forske. Show summary

  Hva er kunstnerisk forskning? Hvorfor heter det kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid og ikke kunstnerisk forskning n?r det heter det i andre land? Er det s?nn at kunstnerisk forskning skiller seg fra all annen type forskning, og i s? fall hvorfor?

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Martin, Charles Patrick; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik & Johnson, Victoria (2018). Stillness under Tension.
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Martin, Charles Patrick; Zelechowska, Agata; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik; Johnson, Victoria & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Bela-based augmented acoustic guitars for sonic microinteraction. Show summary

  This article describes the design and construction of a collection of digitally-controlled augmented acoustic guitars, and the use of these guitars in the installation \textit\{Sverm-Resonans\}. The installation was built around the idea of exploring `inverse¡¯ sonic microinteraction, that is, controlling sounds by the micromotion observed when attempting to stand still. It consisted of six acoustic guitars, each equipped with a Bela embedded computer for sound processing (in Pure Data), an infrared distance sensor to detect the presence of users, and an actuator attached to the guitar body to produce sound. With an attached battery pack, the result was a set of completely autonomous instruments that were easy to hang in a gallery space. The installation encouraged explorations on the boundary between the tactile and the kinesthetic, the body and the mind, and between motion and sound. The use of guitars, albeit with an untraditional `performance¡¯ technique, made the experience both familiar and unfamiliar at the same time. Many users reported heightened sensations of stillness, sound, and vibration, and that the `inverse¡¯ control of the instrument was both challenging and pleasant.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). How I try to do it FAIR.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Motion Capture in Music Performance, Perception and Interaction.
• Martin, Charles Patrick; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & T?rresen, Jim (2018). Composing an ensemble standstill work for Myo and Bela. Show summary

  This paper describes the process of developing a standstill performance work using the Myo gesture control armband and the Bela embedded computing platform. The combination of Myo and Bela allows a portable and extensible version of the standstill performance concept while introducing muscle tension as an additional control parameter. We describe the technical details of our setup and introduce Myo-to-Bela and Myo-to-OSC software bridges that assist with prototyping compositions using the Myo controller.

• Martin, Charles Patrick; Xamb¨®, Anna; Visi, Federico; Morreale, Fabio & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Stillness under Tension. Show summary

  Stillness Under Tension? is an ensemble standstill work for Myo gesture control armband and Bela embedded music platform. Humans are incapable of standing completely still due to breathing and other involuntary micromotions. This work explores the expressive space of standing still through an inverse action-sound mapping: less movement leads to more sound. Four performers stand as still as possible on stage, each wearing a Myo armband connected to a Bela embedded sound processing platform. The Myo is used to measure the performers movement, and the muscle activity in their forearm which they can use--both voluntarily and involuntarily--to control a synthesised sound world. Each performer uses one Myo and Bela in a musical space defined by their physical position and posture while standing still.

• Danielsen, Anne & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). UiOs innovasjonspris til RITMO ved Anne Danielsen og Alexander Refsum Jensenius. [Journal]. Ballade. Show summary

  F?r prisen for tverrfaglig, banebrytende og innovativt arbeid.

• J?re, Lisbet; Danielsen, Anne & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). P? sporet av rytmen. [Internet]. Uniforum. Show summary

  Hvorfor f?r vi lyst til ? bevege oss n?r vi h?rer musikk? Vinnerne av UiOs innovasjonspris, Anne Danielsen og Alexander Refsum Jensenius, finner forh?pentligvis svaret n?r de fordyper seg i mennesket og rytmens mysterier.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2018). Dans i musikkfaget i skolen.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Klausen, Aslaug Olette (2017). Vil finne magien i musikken. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Show summary

  Nytt forskningsprosjekt skal studere mikrobevegelser, og skaper ekte eksperimentell musikk.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). From resonating strings to autonomous electronic instruments - towards a new organology. Show summary

  Vi lever i en spennende tid, med stadig nye varianter av b?de akustiske og elektroniske instrumenter. Disse passer sjelden inn i de tradisjonelle organologiske fremstillingene, noe som gj?r at det er behov for en mer systematisk diskusjon av hvordan man kan klassifisere b?de instrumenter (i utvidet forstand) og dere spilleteknikk. I denne presentasjonen vil jeg forklare hovedelementene i en ny organologi som jeg holder p? ? utvikle, med utgangspunkt i det jeg kaller "handling-lyd-koblinger".

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Sundquist, Jonas Hartford (2017). Forsker p? musikk - ved ? st? stille. [Internet]. Khrono. Show summary

  Hvor stille kan du egentlig ? st? n?r du h?rer p? musikk? Det fors?ker Alexander Refsum Jensenius ? finne svar p?.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Flydal, Lars O. (2017). Leter etter magien i musikken. [Journal]. V?rt Land. Show summary

  Alexander Refsum Jensenius leter etter det magiske i musikken. Hans dr?m er ? hente ut kroppens egen musikk.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). The importance of "nothing": studying human music-related micromotion. Show summary

  This presentation will focus on my research on human micromotion in musical contexts. My scientific research has focused on understanding more about the phenomenon of human standstill and how music influences our micromotion when standing still. My artistic research has focused on the exploration of micromotion in music and dance performance, and particularly how it is possible to set up systems for sonic microinteraction. My two separate "tracks" of research, the scientific and artistic, have positively reinforced each other, shedding light on a level of musical expressivity on the boundary between the conscious and the unconscious, the voluntary and the involuntary.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Micro, Meso, Macro: Music-related body motion at different spatiotemporal levels. Show summary

  Performance of acoustic instruments is often happening at a spatiotemporal micro-level. Violin performance, for example, is based on an extreme control of the spatial placement of the left-hand fingering and the right-hand bow strokes. Even though there are exceptions, many digital musical instruments (DMIs) are based on meso- or macro-level control, that is, fairly large and slow control actions compared to acoustic instruments. In this talk I will present a theoretical framework for sound-producing actions and a related organological model. This will be exemplified with some of my empirical results of music-induced dancing, "air instrument" performance and sonic microinteraction.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Online tools that will kickstart creativity. Show summary

  Music making has moved into the cloud. In this lecture-demonstration, Alexander Refsum Jensenius will show various tools for online music making, ranging from simple sound makers to advanced music programming. He will talk about the possibilities and limitations of various technologies, and propose a framework for understanding how online music making will shape the future of music.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). How Build An Eco-System? Panel discussion on how to best support a Norwegian music/tech eco-system.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Klausen, Aslaug Olette (2017). Tar roboter over musikken? [Journal]. Ballade. Show summary

  Ja, mener musikkforsker, som samtidig mener dette gir mer plass til mennesker.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Svarstad, J?rgen (2017). Han brukte fire ?r p? ? f? forskningsst?tte. [Internet]. Forskerforum. Show summary

  Alexander Refsum Jensenius synes ikke det er bortkastet tid ? skrive s?knader til 澳门葡京手机版app下载sr?det som blir avvist.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik (2017). Exploring the Myo controller for sonic microinteraction. Show summary

  This paper explores sonic microinteraction using muscle sensing through the Myo armband. The first part presents results from a small series of experiments aimed at finding the baseline micromotion and muscle activation data of people being at rest or performing short/small actions. The second part presents the prototype instrument MicroMyo, built around the concept of making sound with little motion. The instrument plays with the convention that inputting more energy into an instrument results in more sound. MicroMyo, on the other hand, is built so that the less you move, the more it sounds. Our user study shows that while such an "inverse instrument" may seem puzzling at first, it also opens a space for interesting musical interactions.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Fotland, Margaret Louise (2017). European Open Data Champions. [Internet]. SPARC Europe. Show summary

  A research paper without accompanying data is incomplete.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Kelkar, Tejaswinee (2017). Improvisation for Linnstrument, voice and Mogees.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Fremtidens musikk.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Martin, Charles Patrick; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik & Johnson, Victoria (2017). Sverm-Muscle.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Bjerkestrand, Kari Anne Vadstensvik; Donnarumma, Marco; Brean, Are & Bruusgaard, Jo C. (2017). Panel: Biophysical Music. Show summary

  "Biophysical Music" is volume 1 of the new concept "MusicLab", a series of events exploring the science of music from different perspectives. The idea is to mix research and edutainment through hands-on workshops, intellectual warm-ups, performances and data jockeying.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). From Interactive music-dance to clinical tool for cerebral palsy. Show summary

  Jensenius will talk about the unlikely story of how his basic music research has led to medical innovation. In 2005 he developed a method for visualizing the movements of dancers ¨C motiongrams ¨C with a set of accompanying software tools. Now this method is at the core of CIMA ¨C Computer-based Infant Movement Assessment ¨C a clinical system currently being tested in hospitals around the world, with the aim of detecting early-born infants' risk of developing cerebral palsy.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Introduction to the SoundTracer Project.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Kvifte, Tellef; Innervik, Kjell Tore; Martin, Charles Patrick; Br?vig-Hanssen, Ragnhild & Lossius, Trond [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Panel: New Interfaces for Musical Expression.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Martin, Charles Patrick; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Johnson, Victoria (2017). Sverm-Resonans.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). ?pen forskning - et humanistisk-teknologisk perspektiv.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Kognisjon, musikk og teknologi.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Zelechowska, Agata & Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez (2017). The musical influence on people¡¯s micromotion when standing still in groups.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). ?pen forskning - et humanistisk-teknologisk perspektiv.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Musikk og bevegelse.
• Zelechowska, Agata (2017). Combining eye-tracking and motion capture to study human bodily micromotion in music perception. Show summary

  In order to understand how we perceive music, we should always consider that this process starts in our bodies being exposed to sound. Thus, the cognitive processing of sound cannot be treated as separate from the functioning of the body. During the last decades there has been a growing focus on embodied music cognition, and the role of the human body in both perception and production of music has been widely studied. However, not much research has been devoted to what we might call ¡°micromotion¡± of the human body in the musical context ¨C the tiniest, often involuntary and unconscious movements that occur during music listening. The human body is never completely still as there are many physiological processes that induce small-scale movement. The question, then, is whether such micromotion is altered when we are exposed to music? Here I would like to present my design of a set of small experiments that will shed some light on how human micromotion is influenced by musical sound. Methodologically, I will use a combination of motion capture and portable eye-tracking glasses. Each experiment will be designed to test a different subject, such as the differences between listening to music via headphones and via loudspeakers or the importance of the low-frequency region (bass sound) in inducing body movement. The aim of these small and exploratory studies will be to understand more about the effects of musical sound on human micromotion in particular and music cognition in general.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Touching the digital: acoustic resonances in an electronic world. Show summary

  The presentation will reflect on the installation piece "Sverm-resonans". As opposed to a traditional instrument, these guitars are ¡°played¡± by trying to stand still. The living body interacts with an electronic sound system played through the acoustic instrument. In this way, Sverm-Resonans explores the meeting points between the tactile and the kinesthetic, the body and the mind, and between motion and sound.

• Martin, Charles Patrick; Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Kelkar, Tejaswinee; Zelechowska, Agata; Berggren, Stig Johan & Hopgood, Christina [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2017). Ensemble Metatone - Improvised Touchscreen Performance.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Quantitative Video analysis for Qualitative Research.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Fremtidens musikk.
• Sanchez, Victor Evaristo Gonzalez; Zelechowska, Agata & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). The influence of music in people's standstill.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Humanities and technology - with a musicological twist.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Status musikkteknologi ved UiO: forskning og undervisning.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2017). Musikk og bevegelses-laben ved Institutt for musikkvitenskap.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). ?pen forskning ¨C et humanistisk-teknologisk perspektiv.
• Zhou, Bo & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). The Musical Gestures Toolbox ¨C Towards Digital Musicology in Matlab.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). The Influence of Music on Human Standstill. Show summary

  This paper reports on a study of how music influences people standing still, with the aim to investigate: (a) How (much) people move when standing still in silence? (b) How (much) musical sound influences people's standstill? A total of 103 participants (mean age 25 years, equal gender balance) were recruited to the study, which was presented as a "championship" of standstill. The participants each wore a reflective marker on their head, and its position was recorded using a state-of-the-art motion capture system. The task was to stand still on the floor for 6 minutes, 3 minutes in silence and 3 minutes with music. The musical stimuli were 7 excerpts of 20-40 seconds duration, ranging from slow, non-rhythmic music for the first excerpts to dance music at the end. After omitting subjects with with incomplete data sets, 91 participants have been included in the study. The analysis shows that the average quantity of motion (QoM), calculated as the cumulative distance travelled for each of the head markers, was 6.5 mm/s (std: 1.6 mm/s) for the entire data set. For the 3-minute parts without music we found an average QoM of 6.3 mm/s (std 1.4 mm/s), as opposed to 6,6 mm/s (std 2,2 mm/s) for the part with music. The results are even more clear when looking at individual stimuli, with a QoM of 6,8 mm/s (std 2,3 mm/s) for the last dance music example. Contrary to our expectations, no particular spatiotemporal differences were found in the motion patterns for different musical excerpts. The study confirmed the level of micromotion found in human standstill (6.5 mm/s QoM) found in our previous longitudinal studies. The study also confirmed our expectation that people spontaneously move to music, even when specifically trying to stand still. The study did not, however, confirm any spatiotemporal differences for the different musical material. Future studies will include looking systematically at how musical features influence both the quantity and quality of standstill.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Aasen, Tina (2016). Den nye luksusen den absolutte tyssnad... [Journal]. Henne. Show summary

  De rikeste har skj?nt det. De kj?per seg fri fra mas og br?k, p? flyplasser, i eget hjem og p? ferie. M? vi v?re rike for ? f? ro?

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Musikk som beveger. Show summary

  Hvorfor beveger du deg til musikk? Hva er det med dansemusikk som f?r deg til ? danse? Hvor stille sitter du egentlig p? en klassisk konsert? Alexander Refsum Jensenius vil svare p? disse sp?rsm?lene og fortelle mer om sin forskning p? luftgitarister, discodansere, pianister og dirigenter. Utgangspunktet for forskningen er erkjennelsen av at musikkopplevelsen i bunn og grunn er kroppslig fundert. Vi opplever ikke musikk bare med ?rene, alle sansene er involvert n?r vi "lytter". Ved ? bruke bevegelsessporing som metode, er det mulig ? systematisk studere hvordan folk responderer p? musikk. Resultatet er ny kunnskap om musikalsk mening, fra et kroppslig perspektiv.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Why does technology help music become more human?
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Hope, Tora (2016). Mennesket er avhengig av rytme. [Internet]. Framtida.no. Show summary

  ¨C Folk som kallar seg toned?ve og umusikalske spelar utmerka luftpiano, seier musikkforskar Alexander Refsum Jensenius. Over 4000 personar vil l?re kva han har ? seie om musikk og r?rsle.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Johnsen, Niklas Aune (2016). Hvordan p?virkes musikk og dans av hverandre? [Radio]. NRK P1 Kvelds?pent.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Embodied Musical Cognition - Challenges and Possibilities.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Crossing the Boundaries between Humanities and Technology: Challenges and Opportunities.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Musikk, dansefot og g?sehud. [Radio]. NRK P1 Kvelds?pent.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Slik p?virker musikk og dans oss. [Internet]. Helseinfo.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Musikk som beveger. Show summary

  Hvorfor beveger du deg til musikk? Hvorfor tramper du takten forsiktig p? jazzkonsert, men danser vilt og uhemmet p? en m?rk og svett klubb? Og, hvor stille sitter du egentlig p? en klassisk konsert? Musikkforsker Alexander Refsum Jensenius vil svare p? disse sp?rsm?lene og fortelle mer om sin forskning p? luftgitarister, discodansere, pianister og dirigenter.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Aanstad, Kristine Hellem (2016). Musikkforsker: Pussig at man m? sitte stille p? klassisk konsert. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Show summary

  For mange er det naturlig ? begynne ? bevege p? seg hvis man h?rer musikk. Men det er ikke alltid greit.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Exploring Music-related Micromotion in the Artistic-Scientific Research Project Sverm. Show summary

  This presentation will focus on my work on human micromotion in musical contexts. My scientific research has focused on understanding more about the phenomenon of human standstill and how music can influence our micromotion when standing still. My artistic research has focused on the exploration of micromotion in music and dance performance, and particularly how it is possible to set up systems for artistic microinteraction. Most importantly, even though it makes sense to talk about these as two separate "tracks" of research, the scientific and artistic, they have in fact been highly intertwined. It would not have been possible to achieve neither the scientific nor artistic outcomes without a true artistic-scientific research process.

• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Nymoen, Kristian (2016). Muskel- og bevegelsesmusikk.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum & Duch, Michael Francis (2016). Edges.
• Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). ?pen forskning - et humanistisk-teknologisk perspektiv.
• Zelechowska, Agata; Jensenius, Alexander Refsum; Laeng, Bruno & Vuoskoski, Jonna Katariina (2020). Irresistible Movement: The Role of Musical Sound, Individual Differences and Listening Context in Movement Responses to Music. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive
• Silva, Sembapperumaarachchige & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2020). Sonification of Standstill Recordings. Universitetet i Oslo. Show summary

  The goal of this thesis was to develop and experiment with a set of sonification tools to explore participant data from standstill competitions. Using data from the 2012 Norwegian Championship of Standstill, three sonification models were developed using the Max/MSP programming environment. The first section of the thesis introduces sonification as a method for data exploration and discusses different sonification strategies. Momentary Displacement of the position was derived from the position data and parameter mapping methods were used to map the data features with sound parameters. The displacement of position in the XY plane or the position changes along the Z-Axis can be mapped either to white-noise or to a sine tone. The data variables control the amplitude and a filter cut-off frequency of the white noise or the amplitude and frequency of the sine tone. Moreover, using sound spatialization together with sonification was explored by mapping position coordinates to spatial parameters of a sine tone. A ¡°falling¡± effect of the standing posture was identified through the sonification. Also audible were the participants¡¯ breathing patterns and postural adjustments. All in all, the implemented sonification methods can be effectively used to get an overview of the standstill dataset.

• Zhou, Bo & Jensenius, Alexander Refsum (2016). Video analysis of music-related body motion in Matlab. Universitetet i Oslo. Show summary

  Today, there are several toolboxes which can work on audio, motion, or other sensor data. These toolboxes are very useful to provide characteristic analysis of audio and motion. Unfortunately, the analysis is done separately by different toolboxes. This results in inconvenience when we want to work on these data simultaneously. So developing a toolbox which integrates the existing toolboxes is necessary. The main goal of the project is to integrate these toolboxes in Matlab and provide video analysis combined with audio and motion capture data. This would be important for our interdisciplinary research on music and motions through fourMs as well as for external work on e.g. analyzing video recording for early child diagnosis of cerebral palsy. This project presents the development of a toolbox for Matlab entitled ¡°Musical Gestures (MG) Toolbox¡±. This toolbox is aimed for solving pressing needs for the video analysis of music-related body motion since video source recorded by regular video camera is a very good option for studying motion. The term music-related body motion refers to all sorts of body motion found in music performance and perception. It has received a growing interest in music research and behavioral science over the last decades. Particularly, with the rapid development of modern technology, various motion capture systems make it possible to further study music-related body motion. Matlab has been chosen as the platform since it is readily available, and there are already several pre-existing toolboxes to build on. This includes the ¡°Motion Capture (MoCap) Toolbox¡± [1] developed for the analysis and visualization of Motion Capture data, which is aimed specifically for the analysis of music-related body motion. The ¡°Music Information Retrievel (MIR) Toolbox¡± [2] is another relevant toolbox, which is developed for the extraction of musical features from audio data and the investigation of relationships between sound and music features. While the two above mentioned toolboxes are useful for studying motion capture data and audio, respectively, they are very differently designed, and it is not possible to make combined analysis of audio and motion capture data. Furthermore, there is no integration with video analysis. The MG Max toolbox [3] has been developed for music-related video analysis in the graphical programming environment Max/Msp/Jitter, with a number of novel visualization techniques (motiongrams, motion history images, etc.). These techniques are commonly used in music research, but are not currently available in Matlab. The main contributions of this project consist of two following things. One is to integrate the MoCap toolbox and MIR toolbox, and provide simple preprocessing on different input data. Another is to provide several video analysis techniques to study music-related body motion in the toolbox. These video analysis techniques include motiongram, optical flow, eulerian video magnification. With these techniques, the developed MG toolbox for Matlab could provide reliable and quantitative analysis of music-related body motion based on video.

View all works in NVA